角色权限管理

本文介绍角色权限管理相关语法级示例。

PolarDB-X兼容原生MySQL 8.0基于角色的权限控制,请参见基于角色的权限控制

创建角色

语法:

CREATE ROLE role [, role]...

role同user一样也由Name和Host这两部分组成,其中:

  • Name不能为空;

  • Host需满足如下规则:

    • 必须是纯IP地址,可以包含下划线(_)和百分号(%),但这两个符号仅代表2个普通字符,并不具备通配符意义;

    • Host留空等于%,但也是精准匹配,不具备通配符意义。

示例:

mysql> CREATE ROLE 'role_ro'@'%', 'role_write';

删除角色

语法:

DROP ROLE role [, role] ...

示例:

mysql> DROP ROLE 'role_ro'@'%';

授予角色

将权限授予角色

语法:

GRANT priv_type [, priv_type] ... ON priv_level TO role [, role]... [WITH GRANT OPTION]

示例:

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON db1.* TO 'role_write';

将角色授予用户

语法:

GRANT role [, role] ...
TO user_or_role [, user_or_role] ...
[WITH ADMIN OPTION]

说明:

  • 执行该命令必须满足如下条件的其中之一:

    • 当前用户有CREATE_USER权限;

    • 当前用户对Role有admin权限;

  • 如果包含WITH ADMIN OPTION选项,则目标用户对该Role拥有admin权限;

  • 将角色授予用户并不代表此用户已拥有该角色下的权限,您还需要通过SET DEFAULT ROLE语句和SET ROLE语句为用户设置需要激活的角色。

示例:

mysql> GRANT 'role_write' TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1';

设置默认角色

语法:

SET DEFAULT ROLE
{NONE | ALL | role [, role ] ...}
TO user [, user ] ...

执行该命令必须满足如下条件的其中之一:

  • 语句中所提到的Role已通过GRANT命令授予给目标用户;

  • 当前用户为目标用户,或当前用户有CREATE_USER权限。

示例:

mysql> SET DEFAULT ROLE 'role_write' TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1';

设置当前连接角色

语法:

SET ROLE {
    DEFAULT
  | NONE
  | ALL
  | ALL EXCEPT role [, role ] ...
  | role [, role ] ...
}

说明

  • 若选择执行SET ROLE DEFAULT ,则当前激活的角色为SET DEFAULT ROLE命令中选择的角色;

  • 通过该语法激活的角色仅对使用当前连接的用户生效。

示例:

mysql> SET ROLE 'role_write';;

查看角色权限

语法:

SHOW GRANTS
    [FOR user_or_role
        [USING role [, role] ...]]

示例:

mysql>  SHOW GRANTS FOR 'role_write'@'%';
+---------------------------------------------------+
| GRANTS FOR 'ROLE_WRITE'@'%'                       |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'role_write'@'%'            |
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON db1.* TO 'role_write'@'%' |
+---------------------------------------------------+
mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' USING 'role_write';
+------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANTS FOR 'USER1'@'127.0.0.1'                       |
+------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1'            |
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON db1.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
| GRANT 'role_write'@'%' TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1'        |
+------------------------------------------------------+
-- 以user1的会话执行
mysql> SELECT CURRENT_ROLE();
+------------------+
| CURRENT_ROLE()   |
+------------------+
| 'role_write'@'%' |
+------------------+

回收角色

回收角色的权限

语法:

REVOKE priv_type [, priv_type] ... ON priv_level FROM role [, role]...

示例:

mysql> REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON db1.* FROM 'role_write';
mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'role_write'@'%';
+----------------------------------------+
| GRANTS FOR 'ROLE_WRITE'@'%'            |
+----------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'role_write'@'%' |
+----------------------------------------+

回收用户的权限

语法:

REVOKE role [, role ] ... FROM user_or_role [, user_or_role ] ...

示例:

mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'user1'@'127.0.0.1';
+-----------------------------------------------+
| GRANTS FOR 'USER1'@'127.0.0.1'                |
+-----------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1'     |
| GRANT SELECT ON db1.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1'  |
| GRANT 'role_write'@'%' TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
+-----------------------------------------------+
mysql> REVOKE 'role_write' FROM 'user1'@'127.0.0.1';
mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'user1'@'127.0.0.1';
+----------------------------------------------+
| GRANTS FOR 'USER1'@'127.0.0.1'               |
+----------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1'    |
| GRANT SELECT ON db1.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
+----------------------------------------------+

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